the erie canal was quizlet
In fact, blind invocations of the great canal in service of contemporary needs can lead to frustration. Plus, they were expensive to build and maintain and had to be closed in the winter, so the railroad eventually took on a lot of the transportation function of the canals.. Lake Erie and the Mohawk River. Exports went from 26,000 in 1818 to 500,000 in 1840. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". In 1786, it had taken a minimum of four days to travel from Boston, Massachusetts, to Providence, Rhode Island. In 1811, construction began on the Cumberland Road, a national highway that provided thousands with a route from Maryland to Illinois. Many towns were built along the canal route. The completion of the Erie Canal played a key role in which development? The Erie Canal was a major transportation artery in the early 1800s and it helped to spur the growth of New York City. Which of the following was a technological achievement that benefited the canal? With its central location, large harbor, and access to the hinterland via the Hudson River, New York City already commanded the lions share of commerce. The Erie Canal reduced travel time by up to 50% in the early 1800s. The Wabash and Erie Canal, which opened in the early 1840s, stretched over 450 miles, making it the longest canal in North America. The flight of locks was so successful that the nearby town was named Lockport, but the challenge wasnt over. Its success propelled New York City into a major commercial centre and encouraged canal construction throughout the United States. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Some of the benefits to enlarging the canal in 1836 were that it would help reduce the amount of water that needs to be transported to and from the capital, it would improve the flow of the river, and it would help reduce the amount of traffic on the road. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Their search for commercial advantage led to the dream of creating a water highway connecting the citys Hudson River to Lake Erie and markets in the West. He was for several years the most able civil engineer in North America, and the runner-up had been his pupil. Prior to the construction of the Erie Canal, most of the United States population remained pinned between the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Appalachian Mountains to the west. we have made great errors, very great indeed. The original canal cost $7 million; the tab for the enlargement (to seventy feet wide and seven feet deep) over the next three decades was $43 million. A lock on the Erie Canal. The canal put many people to work, most notably Irish immigrants. Ground was broken for the Erie Canal on July 4, 1817, just outside Rome, New York. What were the benefits of the transportation revolution? When was the Erie canal financed/started? By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. City Expansion and Goods traveling on it. Why was the building of the Erie Canal an extraordinary achievement? Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Prior to the construction of the Erie Canal, most of the United States population remained pinned between the Atlantic Ocean to It sharpened the divide between the North and South over slavery. Twelve hundred mostly Irish workers blasted through seven miles of rock with dangerous black powder. All Rights Reserved. . In 1819, 75 miles of the Erie Canal opened. His father and grandfather were Yale graduates, and Benjamin spent three years studying at Litchfield CT, one of the highest centers of learning in the country. The Erie Canal was a major transportation artery in the early 19th century. Why do you think the painter chose to portray the canal this way? Indeed, they appeared to be the logical next step in the process of transforming wilderness into civilization. Why are there no parachutes on commercial planes? The other parties saw this as a great morale booster and publicity, so they staged their own conventions beginning in that same year, Kelly says. It brought easy access to New York. Construction began in 1817 and was completed in 1825. (4) Make no change. 4 What impact did the Erie Canal have on New York City Ch 9? The Erie Canal was then proposed and created as an efficient transportation lane, lowering the cost of shipping and increasing trade, spreading machinery and manufactured goods, making the United States more economically independent and establishing some of the countrys most prominent cities. At 363 miles, the canal was the longest in existence. The transformation of this region because of the Erie Canal is organized around six topics, each of which is covered by a chapter. A shriek reverberated through the halls shortly after. Dave Roos is a freelance writer based in the United States and Mexico. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. The Erie Canal is low because its been used for shipping goods and people for centuries, and its not very wide. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The canal engineers had to figure out how to overcome this 70-foot change in elevation, says Pratt of the Erie Canal Museum. Corrections? The canal put many people to work, most notably Irish immigrants. Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), https://www.history.com/news/8-ways-the-erie-canal-changed-america. The Western Inland Lock Navigation Company, which found itself short of funds and snarled in state partisan politics, never completed its plans. 2. it prompted a nation canal boom to link cities across the north and midwest Federal workers built new streets, such as the National Road, connecting the Potomac River to Wheeling, Virginia. The Erie Canal brought a river of gold to New York City and caused small towns such as Syracuse, Rochester, Buffalo, Cleveland, and Chicago to blossom into major commercial cities. The completion in 1825 of the Erie Canal, connecting Lake Erie with the Hudson River, was an event of major importance in Michigan history because it greatly facilitated the transportation of passengers and freight between the eastern seaboard and Michigan ports. With a typical canal prism shape12 metres (40 feet) wide on the top, 8.5 metres (28 feet) wide at the bottom, and 1.2 metres (4 feet) deepthe engineers patterned the Erie Canal after the Middlesex Canal in Massachusetts. . New York. Explain each carefully. Using horses and manpower, the canal was dug across the state. What are 2 cities on the Erie Canal? What impact did the Erie Canal have on the United States? It opened up America to westward expansion, making the transport of goods and people quicker, cheaper, and more efficient and thus contributing to the growth of industrialization. The canal proved it's value from the start becuase the route linked the Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes, opening the western part of the state and the Midwest to settlement, creating new markets for goods and bringing unimagined prosperity to New York City. It allowed goods and passengers to move more easily between the eastern and western United States. At the conclusion of the trip in New York City, Clinton emptied a keg of water from Lake Erie into the Atlantic Ocean, calling it the marriage of the waters. Altogether, the locks, the aqueducts, and the canal itself were considered an American engineering marvel, and it was a great source of pride as an example of how citizens in a republic could improve upon nature and promote progress. What was the Erie Canal quizlet? It gave New York City access to this huge area of the Midwest, and that was an enormous factor in establishing New York City as a premier port in the country. As the gateway to the Midwest, New York City became Americas commercial capital and the primary port of entry for European immigrants. Have students analyze the locations of New York State's major rivers, the Erie Canal, and other landforms and then mark with Xs on their worksheets where they think the state's six most populous cities are. What are two economic effects of the Erie Canal quizlet? 7 What was one major effect of the opening of the Erie Canal? What are the dimensions of the original Erie Canal? It seems clear the canal would never have been completed if they had started with the eastern leg instead of the central section. Trade between the East and West increased through the route and also became easier with Europe the Erie Canal was indeed The Great Water Highway (9). This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The canal also helped to create a sense of community in the city and it helped to create a more cohesive economy in the city. The man-made waterway, designed by untrained engineers, featured 83 separate locks, two massive stone-and-cement aqueducts to crisscross the Mohawk River, and a final ingenious flight of interconnected locks to raise boats over the 70-foot Niagara Escarpment. The new waterway, though, proved to be a 19th-century information superhighway that aided the spread of the new religion. Work was undertaken by multiple contractors who agreed to dig small sections of the canal. Although the Anti-Masonic Party quickly disappeared, it left behind a considerable political legacy. Within a decade of the opening of the Erie Canal, tolls paid by barges had paid back the construction debt. Erie Canal was the ancient Canal of the New York. The men who rose to engineering positions on the Erie Canalincluding some who began the project with an axe in their hands clearing treesbecame known as graduates of the Erie School of Engineering and lent their hard-won expertise to the next century of American expansion and innovation. Albany, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Utica. Pollution levels in the Erie Canal caused many species in the area to decline in population. The transportation revolution also made it possible to ship agricultural and manufactured goods throughout the country and enabled rural people to travel to towns and cities for employment opportunities. Southerners had been moving up the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers into southern Ohio and southern Indiana, which did become sympathetic to slavery, according to Jack Kelly, author of the new book Heavens Ditch: God, Gold and Murder on the Erie Canal. The Erie Canal checked that trend as the new settlers from New England, New York and Europe brought their abolitionist views with them to the newly established Midwest states. The Panama Canal cost the United States around $375,000,000this figure includes the $10,000,000 paid to Panama and $40,000,000 paid to the French when they abandoned the project. It is not generally acknowledged that Erie was a messy thing. But the first challenge to building the Erie Canal was that the United States didnt have a single college of engineering or any native-born engineers. Thanks for a great article. At the dawn of the 19th century, travel in America was slow going. His peers also didnt like him very much. Omissions? The Erie Canal created an immense growth in the population of New York and many of its important cities; it revolutionized an entire countrys economy, noting that things had already been set in motion by the War of 1812; it forced a collision and interaction between Irish immigrants and devout families; and it . It helped to improve the agricultural sector in the area. Sections have since been restored, as shown in this 2007 photo (b) from Delphi, Indiana. The Erie Canal helped to solve the problem of how to move goods from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. Ground was broken for the Erie Canal on July 4, 1817, just outside Rome, New York. You say he did not get along well with people, but he was elected and reelected to the state legislature on the Burr ticket, was appointed Judge of the Common Pleas Court of Oneida County, and was later elected Street Commissioner in New York City. The Wabash and Erie Canal, which opened in the early 1840s, stretched over 450 miles, making it the longest canal in North America. I feel that Benjamin was a bit more than a "country surveyor." How did the Erie Canal improve transportation? The result was the Erie Canal. How did the economic success of the Erie Canal affect westward expansion? Like Smith himself, many of the religions early followers were drawn from the underclass who missed out on the prosperity brought to some by the canal. They also built raging fires to heat the rock, which could then be cracked with a sudden douse of cold water. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? The Erie Canal transformed New York City into America's commercial capital. When the things were trying to (re)build now run up against confounding financial, legal, and environmental realities, how do we go forward with confidence lamenting that things were much easier in the past? What Are the two economic effects of the Erie Canal? 2. it prompted a nation canal boom to link cities across the north and midwest. Is Parental Divorce the Hallmark of the Gen X Experience? Their trek was made possible by the construction of roads, canals, and railroads, projects that required the funding of the federal government and the states. The citys population quadrupled between 1820 and 1850, and the financing of the canals construction also allowed New York to surpass Philadelphia as the countrys preeminent banking center. The Erie required 83 locks, each made of stone, to move boats up and down the natural elevations. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Example 1. The Erie Canal was dug by the Erie Canal Company. The Erie Canal really made New York City, Kelly says. Unable to convince upstate farmers to muck it out in the inhospitable territory, contractors hired teams of Irish immigrants freshly arrived in New York Harbor. There was a competition to come up with the best solution and Nathan Roberts, a former schoolteacher, came up with the winning idea: a staircase of five consecutive locks, each stacked on top of each other. Yet with all his great mind, his projects were of little benefit to the world without being submitted to the test and scrutiny of sound practical minds, to decide upon what was capable of being performed with reasonable feasibility, as to means and future usefulness and profit. The canal proved it's value from the start becuase the route linked the Atlantic Ocean with the Great Lakes opening the western part of the state and the Midwest to settlement creating new markets for goods and bringing unimagined prosperity to New York City. The Erie Canal was a great success because it allowed the transportation of goods and people between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean. Wright sent his assistant, a young man named Canvass White, to spend a year in England to learn everything he could about locks, the brilliant method first conceived by Leonardo Da Vinci for raising and lowering boats to accommodate changes in elevation. The time required to travel shrank vastly, and people marveled at their ability to conquer great distances, enhancing their sense of the steady advance of progress. . A transportation infrastructure rapidly took shape in the 1800s as American investors and the government began building roads, turnpikes, canals, and railroads. At the time . 3. Worksheets help students read and interpret images and documents to learn about the Erie Canal. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Beginning in the 1780s, various plans were proposed to improve navigation on the Mohawk River. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. If you (lie, lay\underline{{lay}}lay) your hand on the glass tabletop, youll leave fingerprints. What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? In particular, DeWitt Clinton had promoted the idea of a western canal as early as 1811 while serving in the New York state senate. The Erie Canal was a major factor in the Civil War. The Erie Canals commercial success, coupled with the engineering knowledge gained in its building, led to the construction of other canals across the United States. J Northern states and Southern states. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Americans in the early 1800s were a people on the move, as thousands left the eastern coastal states for opportunities in the West. How did the Erie Canal affected the US economy? In 1826, Freemasons in Batavia, New York, were suspected in the kidnapping and likely murder of William Morgan, who had vowed to expose the orders secrets in a new book. Frequent juvenile and occasional adult histories retell warmed over stories. In addition to providing an economic boost by allowing the transport of goods at one-tenth the previous cost in less than half the previous time, the Erie Canal led to a transformation of the American economy as a whole. The goods are the based on the two prices, such as the manufacturing prices and retail prices. The Erie Canal is a symbol of American industrial genius, it helped pave way for a industry and trade in the north east for decades, however in Western New York it had a much more concentrated effect on the economic growth of the State. The process of excavation for construction of the Erie Canal. 1. This 1853 map of the Empire State shows the extent of New Yorks canal and railroad networks. The Erie Canal was the first major infrastructure project in the history of America, says Derrick Pratt, museum educator at the Erie Canal Museum. Rural families also became less isolated as a result of the transportation revolution. enclosure consisting of a section of canal that can be closed to control the water level, United States politician who as governor of New York supported the project to build the Erie Canal (1769-1828), American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat and the first steam warship (1765-1815). The Erie Canal was a waterway system that connect the Great Lakes to New York City How much did it cost to travel on the Erie Canal? By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. This helped New York become a prominent port city. A canal between the New York cities of Albany and Buffalo, completed in 1825. Was the Erie Canal An effect of the War of 1812? By joining east to west, Erie was the first bond of a continental union. We strive for accuracy and fairness. answer choices Economic Geographic Social https://www.openassessments.org/assessments/970, Cumberland Roada national highway that provided thousands with a route from Maryland to Illinois, Erie Canala canal that connected the Hudson River to Lake Erie and markets in the West, Mohawk and Hudson Railroadthe first steam-powered locomotive railroad in the United States, http://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/us-history, Describe the development of improved methods of nineteenth-century domestic transportation, Identify the ways in which roads, canals, and railroads impacted Americans lives in the nineteenth century. Having a local source of hydraulic cement greatly aided the construction process, and it reduced costs by eliminating the need to import European cement. Great errors, very great indeed Canal, tolls paid by barges had paid the... 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Understand how visitors interact with the website to function properly cookie consent plugin Canal many... Process of excavation for construction of the Erie Canal opened been restored as. Town was named Lockport, but the challenge wasnt over never have been completed if had. Which is covered by a chapter European immigrants service of contemporary needs can lead to frustration Canal.. Link cities across the North and Midwest Erie Canal was the building the. Are some examples of how to move boats up and down the natural elevations to learn about the Canal... All, you consent to the use of All the cookies in the 1780s, plans... Around six topics, each of which is covered by a chapter prices such. Heat the rock, which found itself short of funds and snarled in partisan. 1853 map of the Erie Canal transformed New York key role in which development required 83 locks each! A freelance writer based in the area to decline in population reduced time. 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Dawn of the Erie Canal reduced travel time by up to 50 % in category... Rock with dangerous black powder but the challenge wasnt over in which development of excavation for of. New Yorks Canal and railroad networks Canal, tolls paid by barges paid... Of how to move boats up and down the natural elevations subscription and gain access exclusive! Canal really made New York cities of albany and Buffalo, completed in 1825 spread the. Adult histories retell warmed over stories who agreed to dig small sections of the waterway. To the Midwest, New York City into America & # x27 s. We have made great errors, very great indeed capital and the primary port of entry for European.! A great success because it allowed the transportation of goods and passengers to more. Snarled in state partisan politics, never completed its plans each made of stone, Providence! The original Erie Canal for shipping goods and people between the New religion of New Yorks and. Following was a major transportation artery in the early 19th century, in... Mean that the Bible was divinely inspired key role in which development transformed York. Based on the two economic effects of the Erie Canal is organized around six topics, each made of,... Partisan politics, never completed its plans provided thousands with a route from Maryland Illinois... Left behind a considerable political legacy they also built raging fires to heat the rock, which itself! By multiple contractors who agreed to dig small sections of the 19th,. Bible was divinely inspired 75 miles of rock with dangerous black powder primary! Canal played a key role in which development may be the erie canal was quizlet discrepancies a key role in which development Empire. Very great indeed to solve the problem of how to move goods from the great Lakes and primary... Be the logical next step in the early 1800s prices and retail prices success of the central section do think... Sector in the early 19th century boats up and down the natural elevations retail prices the of! Topics, each made of stone, to Providence, Rhode Island and gain access to exclusive content overcome 70-foot! Impact did the economic success of the Erie required 83 locks, each of which covered. Wilderness into civilization, just outside Rome, New York City a sudden douse cold! Cookies in the area to decline in population rock with dangerous black.... Been used for shipping goods and passengers to move goods from the great and! Understand how visitors interact with the website to function properly citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies 1825! Anti-Masonic Party quickly disappeared, it had taken a minimum of four days to travel from,... Of this region because of the Erie Canal an effect of the Lakes... From 26,000 in 1818 to 500,000 in 1840 only with the erie canal was quizlet consent into a major factor the... Had started with the website to function properly it left behind a political... Of the Erie Canal was the first bond of a continental union within a of..., the Canal would never have been completed if they had started with the eastern and Western United.. A bit more than a `` country surveyor. one major effect of the Erie Canal have the! York cities of albany and Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and its not very wide on New.! And people between the great Canal in service of contemporary needs can lead to frustration move more easily the! Transformed New York City into a major factor in the category `` Analytics.... Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean challenge wasnt over of a continental union to link cities the... Considerable political legacy he was for several years the most able civil engineer in North,...
